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Some
basic facts about Purified Phosphoric Acid.
From
Innophos
The
Geismar Plant
Market
studies over the past several years clearly indicated increasing
demand for high quality Purified Phosphoric Acid and phosphate
salts obtained therefrom. To meet that demand, and to maintain
its position as a premier supplier of food and technical grade
phosphorus products, Innophos has committed substantial resources
to its new PPA facility in Geismar, Louisiana.
The
site was chosen for its proximity to a long term source of "green"
phosphoric acid. Although modified somewhat for U.S. production,
the Geismar plant has been modeled on the Innophos facility
in Les Roches de Condrieu, France. It will produce approximately
70,000 tons of PPA per year, the bulk of which will be shipped
to Innophos Chicago Heights facility as 75% phosphoric acid
(H3PO4). This acid will be suitable for
sale to the merchant market, or for use in processing downstream
technical and food-grade products-calcium, sodium and ammonium
phosphates, and other salts.
Maintaining
The Quality Standard
From
the very beginning of the PPA project, it has been our goal to
maintain the highest quality standards. We have taken special
care to ensure that products produced with this technology will
have the same chemical and functional properties as their thermal
counterparts.
To
that end, we have conducted both laboratory and in-process testing
to measure the products of PPA technology against those produced
by the thermal process. Acid from the Les Roches de Condrieu facility
was used for the tests.
First, the French-produced
PPA was subjected to laboratory analysis. As shown in Figure 1,
it was determined to be comparable to thermal acid. The PPA was
then shipped to the Innophos Chicago Heights facility for
evaluation and use as a raw material in the production of phosphate
salts.
Figure 1.
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75% PHOSPHORIC ACID COMPOSITION
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Typical Analysis
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THERMAL
|
PPA
|
|
SPECIFICATIONS ppm
|
H3PO4
|
H3PO4
|
|
Fluoride (F)
|
3
|
2
|
|
Sodium (Na)
|
150
|
35
|
|
Silica (Si)
|
16
|
8
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|
Calcium (Ca)
|
40
|
< 10
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|
Aluminum (Al)
|
8
|
< 3
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|
Heavy Metals (as Pb)
|
< 10
|
< 10
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|
Arsenic (As)
|
0.2
|
0.1
|
|
Cadmium (Cd)
|
< 1
|
< 1
|
|
Mercury (Hg)
|
< 0.1
|
< 0.1
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|
Lead (Pb)
|
< 2
|
< 2
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It
was determined that sufficient quantities of acid needed to be
processed to ensure that there would be no change in impurities
or other processing anomalies as compared to thermal acid. Appropriate
sampling was conducted at various points in the process. By-products
and recycle streams were also checked at critical points where
such impurity build-ups or anomalies are most likely to appear.
The results showed essentially flat curves: no build-up at any
point in the process.
Production
process quantities of Dicalcium Phosphate, Tricalcium Phosphate
and Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate were produced in the Chicago Heights
test. The chemical characteristics of these downstream compounds
were then tested against Innophos current products. The results,
as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, demonstrate the
equivalence of the compounds produced by PPA and thermal acid.
Figure
2.
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DICALCIUM PHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE
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Typical Analysis
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THERMAL
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PPA
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| SPECIFICATIONS |
DCP
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DCP
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| Assay (Calcium, Ca) |
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| Ignited Basis % |
31.8
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31.6
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| Heavy Metals (as Pb) ppm |
< 30
|
< 30
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| Arsenic (As) ppm |
0.3
|
0.2
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| Lead (Pb) ppm |
< 0.3
|
< 0.3
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| Acid Insolubles % |
0.11
|
0.07
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Figure 3.
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TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE ANHYDROUS
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Typical Analysis
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THERMAL
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PPA
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SPECIFICATIONS
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DCP
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DCP
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Assay (Calcium, Ca
Unignited Basis % |
38.2 |
39 |
| Acid Insolubles % |
0.06 |
0.08 |
| Water Solubles % |
0.3 |
0.3 |
| Dibasic Salt and Calcium Oxide
(ml) |
13.8 |
13.8 |
| Fluoride (as F) ppm |
34 |
33 |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) ppm |
< 30 |
< 30 |
| Arsenic (as As) ppm |
1.3 |
0.9 |
| Lead (Pb) ppm |
0.3
|
0.3
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Figure
4.
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SODIUM ACID PYROPHOSPHATE (SAPP)
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Typical Analysis
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| SPECIFICATIONS |
THERMAL - SAPP
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PPA - SAPP
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| Assay (as Na2H2P2O7)
% |
95.2
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95.7
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| Heavy Metals (as Pb) ppm |
< 20
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< 20
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| Arsenic (As) ppm |
0.2
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0.3
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| Fluoride (F) ppm |
6
|
6
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| Lead (Pb) ppm |
0.5
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0.5
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The
Proof Is In Application
Certainly,
physical and functional properties are of primary concern to the
user of any phosphoric compound. Special care was taken to measure
the characteristics of the PPA compounds against their thermal
counterparts.
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